Perioperative chemotherapy refers to the practice of instilling one of the bladder chemotherapies immediately after TURBT, usually while you are still in the operating room or the recovery room. Traditionally, these intravesical therapies have been given after the bladder has healed, 2 to 3 weeks after surgery.
Several studies in the last 10 years have shown benefits to giv-ing a single dose of chemotherapy at the time of TURBT. The benefit presumably derives from killing any cancer cells that are still swirling around in the bladder after TURBT, thus preventing them from implanting in the bladder.